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Tumors were the most common cause of CSS (80 patients). All patients with optic nerve involvement had a tumor. No patient with a normal MRI had a tumor. The lack of pain during the course of the disease (odds ratio (OR), 0.58; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.06-0.40), V2 involvement (OR, 12.17-; 95% CI, 2.98-49.71), and male sex (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.31-8.14) were independently associated with the presence of a tumor. Pain at the onset of disease (OR, 12.09; 95% CI, 3.14-46.50) and third cranial nerve involvement (OR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.01-24.60) were independently associated with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. |
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